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<title>Genetically modified potato</title>

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</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.15em;">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%;padding-top:0.2em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">Genetic engineering</a></b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;;background:none;font-size:40%;line-height:0.4em;">

 </td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Genetically_modified_organism" title="Genetically modified organism">Genetically modified organisms</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;">

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_bacteria" title="Genetically modified bacteria">Bacteria</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_virus" title="Genetically modified virus">Viruses</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_animal" title="Genetically modified animal">Animals</a>

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_mammal" title="Genetically modified mammal">Mammals</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_insect" title="Genetically modified insect">Insects</a></li></ul></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_plant" title="Genetically modified plant">Plants</a>

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_maize" title="Genetically modified maize">Maize/corn</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_soybean" title="Genetically modified soybean">Soybean</a></li>

</ul></li></ul></td>

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History and regulation</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;">

<ul><li><a href="History_of_genetic_engineering" title="History of genetic engineering">History</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Regulation_of_genetic_engineering" title="Regulation of genetic engineering">Regulation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Substantial_equivalence" title="Substantial equivalence">Substantial equivalence</a></li>

<li><a href="Cartagena_Protocol_on_Biosafety" title="Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety">Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety</a></li></ul></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Process</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;">

<ul><li><a href="Genetic_engineering_techniques" title="Genetic engineering techniques">Techniques</a></li>

<li><a href="Molecular_cloning" title="Molecular cloning">Molecular cloning</a>

<ul><li><a href="Recombinant_DNA" title="Recombinant DNA">Recombinant DNA</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Gene_delivery" title="Gene delivery">Gene delivery</a>

<ul><li><a href="Transformation_(genetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transformation (genetics)">Transformation</a></li>

<li><a href="Transfection" title="Transfection">Transfection</a></li>

<li><a href="Transduction_(genetics)" title="Transduction (genetics)">Transduction</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Genome_editing" title="Genome editing">Genome editing</a>

<ul><li><a href="TALEN" class="mw-redirect" title="TALEN">TALEN</a></li>

<li><a href="CRISPR" title="CRISPR">CRISPR</a></li></ul></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Applications</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;">

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_crops" title="Genetically modified crops">Genetically modified crops</a>

<li><a href="Gene_therapy" title="Gene therapy">Gene therapy</a></li>

<li><a href="Designer_baby" title="Designer baby">Designer baby</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Controversies</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;">

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_food_controversies" title="Genetically modified food controversies">Genetically modified food controversies</a></li>

<li><a href="GMO_conspiracy_theories" title="GMO conspiracy theories">GMO conspiracy theories</a></li>

<li><a href="Pusztai_affair" title="Pusztai affair">Pusztai affair</a></li>

<li><a href="S%C3%A9ralini_affair" title="Séralini affair">Séralini affair</a></li>

<li><a href="StarLink_corn_recall" title="StarLink corn recall">StarLink corn recall</a></li>

<li><a href="He_Jiankui_affair" title="He Jiankui affair">He Jiankui affair</a></li></ul></td>

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<p>A <b>genetically modified potato</b> is a <a href="Potato" title="Potato">potato</a> that has had its <a href="Gene" title="Gene">genes</a> modified, using <a href="Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">genetic engineering</a>. Goals of modification include introducing <a href="Pest_resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Pest resistance">pest resistance</a>, tweaking the amounts of certain chemicals produced by the plant, and to prevent browning or bruising of the tubers. Varieties modified to produce large amounts of starches may be approved for industrial use only, however, not for food.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Currently_marketed_varieties">Currently marketed varieties</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Innate">Innate</h4></div>

<p>The genetically modified <b>Innate potato</b> was approved by the <a href="United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a> in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the US <a href="Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a> in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cultivar was developed by <a href="J._R._Simplot_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="J. R. Simplot Company">J. R. Simplot Company</a>. It is designed to resist <a href="List_of_potato_diseases" title="List of potato diseases">blackspot bruising</a>, <a href="Browning_(food_process)" class="mw-redirect" title="Browning (food process)">browning</a> and to contain less of the <a href="Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acid</a> <a href="Asparagine" title="Asparagine">asparagine</a> that turns into <a href="Acrylamide" title="Acrylamide">acrylamide</a> during the frying of potatoes. Acrylamide is a probable human <a href="Carcinogen" title="Carcinogen">carcinogen</a>, so reduced levels of it in fried potato foods is desirable.<sup id="cite_ref-New_York_Times_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Times-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though, browning does not affect the quality of the potato, it is simply that consumers tend to not want to purchase "damaged" or possibly spoiled<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> goods. The 'Innate' name comes from the fact that this variety does not contain any genetic material from other species (the genes used are "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/innate" class="extiw external" title="wiktionary:innate">innate</a>" to potatoes) and uses <a href="RNA_interference" title="RNA interference">RNA interference</a> to switch off genes. Simplot hopes that not including genes from other species will assuage consumer fears about <a href="Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-New_York_Times_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Times-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The "Innate" potato is not a single cultivar; rather, it is a group of potato varieties that have had the same genetic alterations applied using the same process. Five different potato varieties have been transformed, creating "innate" versions of the varieties, with all of the original traits, plus the engineered ones. Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, and Atlantic potatoes have all been transformed by Simplot, as well as two proprietary varieties. Modifications of each variety involved two transformations, one for each of the two new traits. Thus there was a total of ten transformation events in developing the different Innate varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-Biofortified_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biofortified-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p><a href="McDonald's" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> is a major consumer of potatoes in the US. The <a href="Food_and_Water_Watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Food and Water Watch">Food and Water Watch</a> has petitioned the company to reject the newly marketed Innate potatoes.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McDonald's has announced that they have ruled out using Innate.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Previously_marketed_varieties">Previously marketed varieties</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NewLeaf">NewLeaf</h3></div>

<p>In 1995, <a href="Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a> introduced the <b>NewLeaf</b> variety of potato which was their first <a href="Genetically_modified_crop" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetically modified crop">genetically modified crop</a>. It was designed to resist attack from the <a href="Colorado_potato_beetle" title="Colorado potato beetle">Colorado potato beetle</a> due to the insertion of <a href="Bt_toxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Bt toxin">Bt toxin</a> producing genes from the bacterium <i><a href="Bacillus_thuringiensis" title="Bacillus thuringiensis">Bacillus thuringiensis</a></i>. The insect-resistant potatoes found only a small market, and Monsanto discontinued the sale of seed in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Used_in_industry">Used in industry</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Amflora">Amflora</h4></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Amflora" title="Amflora">Amflora</a></div>

<p>'<b>Amflora'</b> (also known as <b>EH92-527-1</b>) was a <a href="Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivar</a> developed by <a href="BASF_Plant_Science" title="BASF Plant Science">BASF Plant Science</a> for production of pure <a href="Amylopectin" title="Amylopectin">amylopectin</a> starch for processing into <a href="Waxy_potato_starch" title="Waxy potato starch">waxy potato starch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was approved for industrial applications in the European Union market on 2 March 2010 by the <a href="European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was withdrawn from the EU market in January 2012 due to a lack of acceptance from farmers and consumers.<sup id="cite_ref-BASFwithdrawal_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BASFwithdrawal-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unmarketed_varieties">Unmarketed varieties</h2></div>

<p>A modified <a href="D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e_(potato)" class="mw-redirect" title="Désirée (potato)">Désirée potato</a> was developed in the 1990s by biochemist<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Gatehouse at Cambridge Agricultural Genetics (later renamed Axis Genetics) and had gone through two years of field trials at <a href="Rothamsted_Experimental_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Rothamsted Experimental Station">Rothamsted Experimental Station</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Arpad_article_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arpad_article-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The potatoes were modified to express the <i>Galanthus nivalis <a href="Agglutinin" title="Agglutinin">agglutinin</a></i> (GNA) gene from the <i><a href="Galanthus" title="Galanthus">Galanthus</a></i> (snowdrop) plant, which caused them to produce GNA <a href="Lectin" title="Lectin">lectin protein</a> that is toxic to some insects.<sup id="cite_ref-Lancet_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lancet-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This variety of potatoes is the one which was involved in the <a href="Pusztai_affair" title="Pusztai affair">Pusztai affair</a>.

</p><p>Other similar research - into transgenic Désirées, with antifeedant chemicals transferred from other plants, a few years before, with a researcher from Axis - was also done by a team including Gatehouse and his wife <a href="Angharad_Gatehouse" title="Angharad Gatehouse">Angharad</a>. At this time the Gatehouses were both at the <a href="Durham_University" title="Durham University">University of Durham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gatehouse-et-al-1997_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gatehouse-et-al-1997-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2014, a team of British scientists published a paper about three-year <a href="Field_trial" title="Field trial">field trial</a> showing that another genetically modified version of the Désirée cultivar can resist infection after exposure to <a href="Late_blight" class="mw-redirect" title="Late blight">late blight</a>, one of the most serious diseases of potatoes. They developed this potato for blight resistance by inserting a gene (Rpi-vnt1.1), into the DNA of Désirée potatoes. This gene, which conferred the resistance to blight, was isolated from a wild relative of potatoes, <i>Solanum venturii</i>, which is a native of South America.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2017 scientists in Bangladesh developed their own variety of blight resistant GM potato.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFTracy2014" class="citation news cs1">Tracy, Tennille (November 20, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/usda-approves-a-genetically-modified-potato-1415398524">"Genetically Modified Potato Wins Approval From USDA"</a>. <i>Wall Street Journal</i>.</cite></span>

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</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHaltermanGuenthnerCollingeButler2015" class="citation journal cs1">Halterman, Dennis; Guenthner, Joe; Collinge, Susan; Butler, Nathaniel; Douches, David (19 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12230-015-9485-1">"Biotech Potatoes in the 21st Century: 20 Years Since the First Biotech Potato"</a>. <i>American Journal of Potato Research</i>. <b>93</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>20. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12230-015-9485-1">10.1007/s12230-015-9485-1</a></span>.</cite></li></ul>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFD._R._Rockhold,_M._M._Maccree_&_W._R._Belknap2012" class="citation book cs1">D. R. Rockhold, M. M. Maccree & W. R. Belknap (6 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8BnsCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA305">"20. Transgenic Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)"</a>. <i>Transgenic Crops II</i>. Springer. pp. <span class="nowrap">305–</span>324. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-642-56901-2</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Genetic_engineering301" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Genetic_engineering301" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">Genetic engineering</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_organism" title="Genetically modified organism">Genetically <br>modified<br> organisms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_crops" title="Genetically modified crops">Crops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_maize" title="Genetically modified maize">Maize/corn</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Starlink_corn_recall" class="mw-redirect" title="Starlink corn recall">StarLink</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_varieties_of_genetically_modified_maize" title="List of varieties of genetically modified maize">List of varieties of genetically modified maize/corn</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Amflora" title="Amflora">Amflora</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_rice" title="Genetically modified rice">Rice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Golden_rice" title="Golden rice">Golden rice</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_soybean" title="Genetically modified soybean">Soybean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Roundup_ready_soybean" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundup ready soybean">Roundup ready soybean</a></li>

<li><a href="Vistive_Gold" title="Vistive Gold">Vistive Gold</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_tomato" title="Genetically modified tomato">Tomato</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Flavr_Savr" title="Flavr Savr">Flavr Savr</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cotton#Genetic_modification" title="Cotton">Cotton</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bt_cotton" title="Bt cotton">Bt cotton</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_wheat" title="Genetically modified wheat">Wheat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arctic_Apples" title="Arctic Apples">Apple</a></li>

<li><a href="Arabidopsis_thaliana" title="Arabidopsis thaliana">Arabidopsis</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_brinjal" title="Genetically modified brinjal">Brinjal</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_canola" title="Genetically modified canola">Canola</a></li>

<li><a href="Papaya#Genetically_engineered_cultivars" title="Papaya">Papaya</a></li>

<li><a href="SmartStax" title="SmartStax">SmartStax</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_sugar_beet" title="Genetically modified sugar beet">Sugar beet</a></li>

<li><a href="Tobacco#Genetic_modification" title="Tobacco">Tobacco</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_tree" title="Genetically modified tree">Trees</a></li>

<li><a href="DMH-11_Mustard" title="DMH-11 Mustard">Mustard</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_animal" title="Genetically modified animal">Animals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_mammal" title="Genetically modified mammal">Mammals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_mouse" title="Genetically modified mouse">Mouse</a>

<ul><li><a href="Knockout_mouse" title="Knockout mouse">Knockout mouse</a></li>

<li><a href="Oncomouse" title="Oncomouse">Oncomouse</a></li>

<li><a href="Woolly_mouse" title="Woolly mouse">Woolly mouse</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Enviropig" class="mw-redirect" title="Enviropig">Enviropig</a></li>

<li><a href="Herman_the_Bull" class="mw-redirect" title="Herman the Bull">Herman the Bull</a></li>

<li><a href="Knockout_rat" title="Knockout rat">Knockout rat</a></li>

<li><a href="Alba_(rabbit)" title="Alba (rabbit)">Rabbit</a></li>

<li><a href="Ruppy" title="Ruppy">Ruppy</a></li>

<li><a href="Romulus%2C_Remus%2C_and_Khaleesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Romulus, Remus, and Khaleesi">Wolves</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_insect" title="Genetically modified insect">Insects</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="GloFish" title="GloFish">GloFish</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_salmon" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetically modified salmon">Salmon</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_bird" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetically modified bird">Birds</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetically_modified_organism#Frogs" title="Genetically modified organism">Frogs</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetically_modified_bacteria" title="Genetically modified bacteria">Bacteria</a><br> and <a href="Genetically_modified_virus" title="Genetically modified virus">viruses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ice-minus_bacteria" title="Ice-minus bacteria">Ice-minus bacteria</a></li>

<li><a href="Hepatitis_B_vaccine" title="Hepatitis B vaccine">Hepatitis B vaccine</a></li>

<li><a href="Oncolytic_virus" title="Oncolytic virus">Oncolytic virus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Genetic_engineering_techniques" title="Genetic engineering techniques">Processes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Transformation_(genetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transformation (genetics)">Inserting DNA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agrobacterium" title="Agrobacterium">Agrobacteria</a></li>

<li><a href="Gene_gun" title="Gene gun">Biolistics</a></li>

<li><a href="Electroporation" title="Electroporation">Electroporation</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_transduction" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic transduction">Genetic transduction</a></li>

<li><a href="Lipofection" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipofection">Lipofection</a></li>

<li><a href="Microinjection" title="Microinjection">Microinjection</a></li>

<li><a href="Somatic_cell_nuclear_transfer" title="Somatic cell nuclear transfer">Somatic cell nuclear transfer</a></li>

<li><a href="Transfection" title="Transfection">Transfection</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Recombinant_DNA" title="Recombinant DNA">Recombinant DNA</a></li>

<li><a href="Transgenesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Transgenesis">Transgenesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Cisgenesis" title="Cisgenesis">Cisgenesis</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In agriculture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_food" title="Genetically modified food">Genetically modified food</a>

<ul><li><a href="Genetically_modified_food_controversies" title="Genetically modified food controversies">Controversies</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Pharming_(genetics)" title="Pharming (genetics)">Pharming</a></li>

<li>Companies

<li><a href="Bayer#Bayer_CropScience" title="Bayer">Bayer</a></li>

<li><a href="Dow_AgroSciences" title="Dow AgroSciences">Dow AgroSciences</a></li>

<li><a href="DuPont_Pioneer" class="mw-redirect" title="DuPont Pioneer">DuPont Pioneer</a></li>

<li><a href="Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a></li>

<li><a href="Syngenta" title="Syngenta">Syngenta</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="Human_genetic_engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Human genetic engineering">humans</a> and<br> diagnostics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gene_therapy" title="Gene therapy">Gene therapy</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_enhancement" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic enhancement">Genetic enhancement</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_testing" title="Genetic testing">Genetic testing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gene_knockout" title="Gene knockout">Gene knockout</a></li>

<li><a href="Gene_knockdown" title="Gene knockdown">Gene knockdown</a></li>

<li><a href="Gene_targeting" title="Gene targeting">Gene targeting</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br> articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Transgene" title="Transgene">Transgene</a></li>

<li><a href="Detection_of_genetically_modified_organisms" title="Detection of genetically modified organisms">Detection of genetically modified organisms</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_pollution" title="Genetic pollution">Genetic pollution</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetics_in_fiction" title="Genetics in fiction">Genetics in fiction</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_enhancement" title="Human enhancement">Human enhancement</a></li>

<li><a href="Reverse_transfection" title="Reverse transfection">Reverse transfection</a></li>

<li><a href="Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_use_restriction_technology" title="Genetic use restriction technology">Genetic use restriction technology</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Regulation_of_genetic_engineering" title="Regulation of genetic engineering">Regulation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cartagena_Protocol_on_Biosafety" title="Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety">Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Genetic_engineering_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in Europe">Europe</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_engineering_in_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in Africa">Africa</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_engineering_in_North_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in North America">North America</a> (<a href="Genetic_engineering_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in the United States">US</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Genetic_engineering_in_South_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in South America">South America</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetic_engineering_in_Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in Oceania">Oceania</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Similar fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Eugenics" title="Eugenics">Eugenics</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloning" title="Cloning">Cloning</a></li>

<li><a href="Stem_cell" title="Stem cell">Stem cell research</a></li>

<li><a href="Synthetic_biology" title="Synthetic biology">Synthetic biology</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Biology" title="Biology">Biology</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetics" title="Genetics">Genetics</a></li>

<li><a href="Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li>

<li><a href="Bioethics" title="Bioethics">Bioethics</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-28" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Genetically_modified_potato&oldid=1297708124">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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